Grey Heron Ardea cinerea   [Linnaeus, 1758]

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   Page updated:16-January-2013

Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ardeidae
BTO Codes: H., GREHE EURING No: 1220
Number in Britain: 13 thousand nests (Summer)
Conservation Status:
UK: GREEN
European: Not a species of concern
Global: (Details)
Links to: Images   Videos   Sound  
Status in UK: (A)  Resident Breeder, Winter Visitor
Subspecies: cinerea recorded in Britain (of 4 subsp. in the world)
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Length: 94 cm Wingspan: 185 cm Weight: M/F: 1.5 kg    
Scientific name from: L.: ardea=a heron and L.: cinereus=ash-coloured (from cinis=ashes)
World Distribution: Much of Europe, Asia (except ne) through Indonesia and sub-Saharan Africa
Habitat: Lakes, marshes, rivers, flooded fields
Diet: Animals, esp fish, amphibians, small mammals, insects and reptiles
TitBit: In the 16th/17th Century hunting herons with Peregrines was high sport and kings identified 'their' birds by means of metal leg rings, in Scotland being caught poaching could mean losing a hand.  

Population and Distribution

Population Trend: BirdTrends   
Regional Trends: Scotland   Wales   England   English Regions
Distribution: Atlas Maps   
British Population Size:
    Summer: 13 thousand nests in 2003
    Winter: 61 thousand individuals in     Note: Best estimate
    First Record: Recorded in Anglo-Saxon times [Fossil evidence from Devensian (last) glaciation, 10-120,000 yr ago]
    Latest Survey: Marchant et al. (2004) Ibis 146:323-334
    Conservation Status: GREEN
   Previous Assessments: 2002-2007 GREEN     1996-2001 GREEN  
   Races of Concern: cinerea GREEN
Habitat Occupancy (in the Breeding Season):
    Most frequent in: Along Rivers
    Also common in: Lakes
    And found in: Marsh, Estuaries, Ponds
Relative Frequency in Each Habitat:
Migration routes: Map of foreign ringing recoveries  and summary map from Time to Fly (in pop-up windows)
European Population Size:
    Summer: 185 to 230 thousand pairs   (Trend in Numbers)
Population Assesment from Birds in Europe
Distribution in Europe mapped by the EBCC Atlas
Listed on the Appendices/Schedules of: Bern(III)
Survey Results: Results from BirdTrack
Results from Heronries Survey

Breeding and Survival

Egg Size: 61 x 43 mm Egg Weight: 61.0 g (of which 8 % is shell)
Number of Nest Records: 369
Clutch Size: 3 - 4 eggs 3.66 ± 1.06 (2 - 7) N = 264
Incubation: 27- 27 days 26.95 ± 0.90 (26.5 - 28.5) N = 264   by the: Male + Female
Fledging: 50 - 55days 52.87 ± 2.62 (50 - 55) N = 1506 as: Altricial, downy
Source:
British Trust for Ornithology (2005) Nest Record Scheme data
First Clutches Laid: 12 Mar (19 Feb - 2 May)
Number of Broods: 1(2)
See trends in Breeding Productivity
Number Ringed: Annual Totals
Adult Survival: 0.732 ± 0.018       
Juvenile Survival: 0.260 (to age 2 )  
Age at First Breeding: 2 years Typical Lifespan: 5 years
Maximum Recorded Age: 23 years 9 months 2 days (set in 2003)
Read a summary of Ringing Recoveries

Biometrics

Ring Size: J
Wing Length Adult: Insufficient Data
Juvenile: 435.1 ± 22.0     Range 395.0 - 468.0 mm, (N = 27)
Male: Insufficient Data
Female: Insufficient Data
Weight Adult: Insufficient Data
Juvenile: Insufficient Data
Male: Insufficient Data
Female: Insufficient Data
Seasonal:

Other Names

Has Included Ardea herodias, Previously Casmerodius albus
Gaelic: Corra-ghritheach Welsh: Crëyr Glas
Danish: Fiskehejre Dutch: Blauwe reiger
Finnish: Harmaahaikara French: Héron cendré
German: Graureiher Hungarian: Szürke gém
Icelandic: Gráhegri Irish: Corr Réisc
Italian: Airone cenerino Norwegian: Gråhegre
Polish: Czapla siwa Portuguese: Garça-real
Spanish: Garza real Swedish: Häger
Local Names:Harnser, Frank
Collective Noun:Siege (Breeding coloony=Heronry)

For More Information...

Books and Monographs:
   Voisin, C. 1991 The herons of Europe Poyser, London [598.461 VOI]
   Lowe, F. 1954 The heron Collins, London [598.461 LOW]
   Kushlan, J.A. & Hancock, J. 2005 The Herons Oxford University Press [598.461 KUS]
See Also:
Find scientific papers on Google Scholar or Scirus by clicking the icon
Wikipedia entry
BirdLife species page
Recent sightings and information from BirdGuides
Read State of the Nations Birds by Chris Mead