Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus   [Linnaeus, 1758]

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   Page updated:16-January-2013

Order: Passeriformes Family: Paridae
BTO Codes: BT, BLUTI EURING No: 14620
Number in Britain: 3.3 million territories (Summer)
Conservation Status:
UK: GREEN
European: Not a species of concern
Global: (Details)
Links to: Images   Videos   Sound  
Status in UK: (A)  Resident Breeder, Winter Visitor
Subspecies: obscurus (R), caeruleus (W) recorded in Britain (of 15 subsp. in the world)
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Length: 12 cm Wingspan: 18 cm Weight: M/F: 11 g    
Scientific name from: L.: cyaneus=dark-blue (from Gr.:kuanos) and L.: caeruleus=blue
World Distribution: Europe, Near East, nw Africa
Habitat: Woodland, scrub, towns
Diet: Insect and spiders, also fruit and seeds in winter
TitBit: Like all birds, Blue Tits can see ultra-violet light - the front of their heads glows brightly under UV light; this is how females are thought to choose their partners.  

Population and Distribution

Population Trend: BirdTrends   
Regional Trends: Scotland   Wales   England   English Regions
Distribution: Atlas Maps    BBS Maps
Abundance Maps: Population Density   Change in Density   Guide to Interpretation
British Population Size:
    Summer: 3.3 million territories in 2000
    First Record: Recorded in Anglo-Saxon times
    Conservation Status: GREEN
   Previous Assessments: 2002-2007 GREEN     1996-2001 GREEN  
   Races of Concern: obscurus AMBER (Important Population), caeruleus GREEN
Habitat Occupancy (in the Breeding Season):
    Most frequent in: Deciduous Wood
    Also common in: Pasture Farmland, Villages, Towns
    And found in: Scrub, Arable Farmland
Relative Frequency in Each Habitat:
European Population Size:
    Summer: 19 to 42 million pairs
Population Assesment from Birds in Europe
Distribution in Europe mapped by the EBCC Atlas
Listed on the Appendices/Schedules of: Bern(III)
Survey Results: Results from BirdTrack
Results from Garden BirdWatch

Breeding and Survival

Egg Size: 16 x 12 mm Egg Weight: 1.1 g (of which 6 % is shell)
Number of Nest Records: 4000
Clutch Size: 8 - 10 eggs 9.06 ± 2.14 (2 - 16) N = 2875
Incubation: 13- 15 days 13.88 ± 1.31 (12 - 16) N = 2875   by the: Female
Fledging: 18 - 21days 19.28 ± 2.16 (15 - 22.5) N = 4391 as: Altricial, downy
Source:
British Trust for Ornithology (2005) Nest Record Scheme data
First Clutches Laid: 26 Apr (12 Apr - 11 May)
Number of Broods: 1(2)
See trends in Breeding Productivity
Number Ringed: Annual Totals
Adult Survival: 0.532 ± 0.008    (M:0.508 ± 0.034; F:0.421 ± 0.028)      
Juvenile Survival: 0.379 (in First-Year)  
Age at First Breeding: 1 year Typical Lifespan: 3 years
Maximum Recorded Age: 9 years 9 months 2 days (set in 1990)
Read a summary of Ringing Recoveries

Biometrics

Ring Size: A
Wing Length Adult: 63.3 ± 2.8     Range 52.0 - 74.0 mm, (N = 102856)
Juvenile: 62.8 ± 1.9     Range 52.0 - 74.0 mm, (N = 278440)
Male: 65.2 ± 1.5     Range 53.0 - 74.0 mm, (N = 23092)
Female: 61.9 ± 1.4     Range 52.0 - 74.0 mm, (N = 29571)
Weight Adult: 10.84 ± 0.78 Range 7.70 - 13.80 g , (N =77569)
Juvenile: 10.6 ± 0.8 Range 7.7 - 13.8 . , (N =230712)
Male: 11.15 ± 0.73 Range 7.80 - 13.80 g , (N =16854)
Female: 10.62 ± 0.78 Range 7.70 - 13.80 g , (N =21702)
Seasonal: Summer 10.79 ± 0.83 (N = 20385)   Autumn 10.88 ± 0.74 (N = 21071)   Winter 10.89 ± 0.73 (N = 157645)  
Source: British Trust for Ornithology (2005) Ringing Scheme data

Other Names

Previously Parus caeruleus 
Gaelic: Cailleachag-ghorm Welsh: Titw Tomos Las
Danish: Blĺmejse Dutch: Pimpelmees
Finnish: Sinitiainen French: Mésange bleue
German: Blaumeise Hungarian: Kék cinege
Icelandic: Blámeisa Irish: Meantán Gorm
Italian: Cinciarella Norwegian: Blĺmeis
Polish: Modraszka Portuguese: Chapim-azul
Spanish: Herrerillo común Swedish: Blĺmes
Local Names:Tom Tit

For More Information...

Books and Monographs:
   Perrins, C. 1979 British tits Collins, London [598.922 PER]
   Flegg, J. 1987 The Blue Tit Shire Publications, Princes Risborough [Jour: S]
See Also:
Find scientific papers on Google Scholar or Scirus by clicking the icon
Wikipedia entry
BirdLife species page
Recent sightings and information from BirdGuides
Read State of the Nations Birds by Chris Mead
BOU Register of Avian Theses entry