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British Population Size:
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Summer:
11 thousand pairs
in 1988-91
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Winter:
61 thousand individuals
in 2004-09
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First Record:
Recorded in Medieval times
[Fossil evidence from
Wolstonian (penultimate) glaciation, c. 150,000 yr ago]
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Conservation Status:
AMBER
because
Localised Non-breeding Population,
Important Non-breeding Population
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Previous Assessments:
2002-2007
AMBER
1996-2001
AMBER
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Races of Concern:
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Habitat Occupancy (in the Breeding Season):
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Most frequent in:
Estuaries
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Relative Frequency in Each Habitat:
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Migration routes:
Map of foreign ringing recoveries
and summary map from Time to Fly (in pop-up windows)
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European Population Size:
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Summer:
35 to 56 thousand pairs
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Population Assesment from Birds in Europe
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Distribution in Europe mapped by the EBCC Atlas
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Listed on the Appendices/Schedules of:
Bern(III), Bonn(II), AEWA
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Breeding and Survival
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Egg Size:
66 x 47 mm
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Egg Weight:
78.0 g (of which 9 % is shell)
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Number of Nest Records:
8
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Clutch Size:
8 - 10 eggs
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Incubation:
29- 31 days
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by the:
Female
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Fledging:
45 - 50days
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as:
Precocial, downy
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First Clutches Laid:
Unavailable
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Number of Broods:
1
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See trends in Breeding Productivity
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Number Ringed:
Annual Totals
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Adult Survival:
0.886
(M:0.909
;
F:0.880
)
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Juvenile Survival:
0.166 (to age 2 )
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Age at First Breeding:
2
years
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Typical Lifespan:
10
years
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Maximum Recorded Age:
24 years 8 months 21 days (set in 1993)
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Read a summary of Ringing Recoveries
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Biometrics
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Ring Size:
G*
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Wing Length
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Sexually dimorphic (male much larger than female)
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Male:
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335.7 ± 12.0
Range
254.0 - 394.0 mm, (N = 526)
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Female:
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307.7 ± 14.0
Range
268.0 - 386.0 mm, (N = 193)
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Weight
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Sexually dimorphic (male much larger than female)
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Male:
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1.31 ± 0.15
Range
1.56 - 1920 kg , (N =437)
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Female:
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1.02 ± 0.17
Range
0.85 - 1.40 kg , (N =153)
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Seasonal:
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Summer 1.04 ± 0.21 (N = 163)
Autumn 1.19 ± 0.18 (N = 22)
Winter 1.26 ± 0.21 (N = 1381)
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Source:
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British Trust for Ornithology (2005) Ringing Scheme data
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Other Names
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Common Shelduck
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Gaelic:
Cràdh-ghèadh
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Welsh:
Hwyaden yr Eithin
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Danish:
Gravand
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Dutch:
Bergeend
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Finnish:
Ristisorsa
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French:
Tadorne de Belon
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German:
Brandgans
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Hungarian:
Bütykös ásólúd
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Icelandic:
Brandönd
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Irish:
Seil-lacha
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Italian:
Volpoca
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Norwegian:
Gravand
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Polish:
Ohar
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Portuguese:
Pato-branco
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Spanish:
Tarro blanco
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Swedish:
Gravand
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Collective Noun:Dopping
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For More Information...
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Books and Monographs:
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Patterson, I.J. 1982 The shelduck : a study in behavioural ecology Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
[598.482 PAT]
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Kear, J 2005 Ducks, geese and swans Oxford University Press
[598.48 KEA]
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Cabot, D. 2009 Wildfowl Collins, London
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See Also:
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Find scientific papers on  Google Scholar
or  Scirus by clicking the icon
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Wikipedia entry
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BirdLife species page
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Recent sightings and information from BirdGuides
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Read State of the Nations Birds by Chris Mead
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