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Mandarin Aix galericulata   [Linnaeus, 1758]
Other Names Trends & Distribution Breeding & Survival Biometrics Books & Links
Order: Anseriformes Family: Anatidae
BTO Codes: MN , MANDA EURING No: 1780
Number in Britain: 7000 adults (Summer)
Conservation Status:
UK: Unlisted
European: Not evaluated
Global: Least Concern
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Status in UK: (C1)  Introduced Breeder
Subspecies: Monotypic
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Length: 45 cm Wingspan: 71 cm Weight: M: 630 g   F: 520 g    
Scientific name from: Gr.: Aix=a diving bird described by Aristotle and L.: galerus=a skull-cap
World Distribution: e Asia, INTRODUCED: Britain
Habitat: Wooded ponds, marshes
Diet: Mostly plant material, also invertebrates, esp land snails and insects
TitBit: The nine levels of Chinese the Chinese Civil Service were named after birds, Mandarins were the 7th level, and it was these who dealt with British traders in China, hence the term for any bureaucrat  
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Population and Distribution
Population Trend: No population trend available
Distribution: Atlas Maps    (Help with the New Atlas)   
British Population Size:
    Summer: 7000 adults in 1970-87
    Winter: 7000 individuals in 1970-87
    First Record: 1745 [Fossil evidence from Middle Pleistocene, c. 500,000 yr ago]
    First Breeding Record: Introduced Surrey, earlier attempts since 1850s 1928
Habitat Occupancy (in the Breeding Season):
    No habitat data from BBS
European Population Size:
    Summer: Unavailable
Distribution in Europe
Listed on the Appendices/Schedules of: WCA(IX)
Survey Results: BirdTrack
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Breeding and Survival
Egg Size: 51 x 37 mm Egg Weight: 41.0 g (of which 9 % is shell)
Number of Nest Records: 16
Clutch Size: 9 - 12 eggs
Incubation: 28 - 30 days by the: Female
Fledging: 40 - 45 days as: Precocial, downy
First Clutches Laid: Unavailable
Number of Broods: 1

Number Ringed: 72
Adult Survival: No data Juvenile Survival: No data
Age at First Breeding: 1 year Typical Lifespan: No data
Maximum Recorded Age: 10yr4m
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Biometrics
Ring Size: F*
Wing Length Adult: 234.9 ± 8.3 Range 223 - 249 mm, N =230
Juvenile: 226.4 ± 10.3 212 - 237 mm, N =25
Male: 239.4 ± 8.5 230 - 251 mm, N =105
Female: 231.1 ± 5.9 220 - 240 mm, N =125
Weight Adult: 616.0 ± 64.89 Range 500.0 - 700.0 g , N =188
Juvenile: Insufficient Data.
Male: 634.5 ± 52.97 550.0 - 700.0 g , N =85
Female: 600.8 ± 69.94 . 500.0 - 700.0 g , N =103
Source:
British Trust for Ornithology (2005) Ringing Scheme data
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Other Names
Mandarin Duck
Gaelic: Welsh: Hwyaden gribog
Danish: Mandarinand Dutch: Mandarijneend
Finnish: Mandariinisorsa French: Canard mandarin
German: Mandarinente Hungarian: Mandarinréce
Icelandic: Mandarínönd Irish: Lacha Mhandrach
Italian: Anatra mandarina Norwegian: Mandarinand
Polish: Mandarynka Portuguese: Pato-mandarim
Spanish: Pato mandarín Swedish: Mandarinand
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For More Information...
Books and Monographs:
   Savage, C. 1952 The Mandarin Duck A&C Black, London
   Lever, C. 1990 The Mandardin Duck Shire Publications, Princes Risborough [Jour: S]
   Shurtleff, L. 1996 The wood duck and the mandarin : the northern wood ducks California UP, Berkeley [598.482 SHU]
See Also:
Wikipedia entry
State of the Nations Birds by Chris Mead
Recent sightings and information from BirdGuides.com
Selected scientific papers published 1980-2005
Find more papers on Google Scholar
Find more papers on Scirus

BTO blue divider
BirdWeb logo, click to go to BirdWeb BirdFacts home | BTO Home
Email: birdfacts@bto.org

These data should be cited as:
Robinson, R.A. (2005) BirdFacts: profiles of birds occurring in Britain & Ireland (v1.22, Oct 2008). BTO Research Report 407, BTO, Thetford (http://www.bto.org/birdfacts)

 

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