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Page updated:16-January-2013

	Order: Anseriformes	Family: Anatidae
	BTO Codes: T., TEAL.	EURING No: 1840
	Number in Britain: 1400 pairs (Summer)
	Conservation Status:
	UK: AMBER
	European: Not a species of concern
	Global: (Details)
Links to: Images Videos Sound

Status in UK: (A) Resident Breeder, Passage/Winter Visitor
Subspecies: crecca recorded in Britain (of 2 subsp. in the world)
.
Length: 36 cm	Wingspan: 61 cm	Weight: M/F: 330 g

Scientific name from:	L.: anas=a duck and Swedish: kricka=the teal
World Distribution:	BREEDS: n&c Eurasia, WINTERS: south to c Africa & s Asia

Habitat:	Lakes, marshes, ponds & shallow streams
Diet:	Omnivorous, mostly seeds in winter, feeds mostly at night in shallow water
TitBit:	Collectively known as a 'spring' on account of the way they suddenly take-off almost vertically, the Teal is unusual amongst birds in not having been known by any other name.

	Population Trend:	No population trend available
	Distribution:	Atlas Maps

British Population Size:

Summer: 155 to 2600 pairs in 1988-91 Note: Best estimate Baker, H. et al. (2006) British Birds 99:25-44

Winter: 210 thousand individuals in 2004-09 Musgrove, A. et al. (2011) British Birds 104:364-397

First Record: Recorded in Medieval times Bircham, P. 2007. A history of ornithology, Collins. [805 BIR]

[Fossil evidence from Middle Pleistocene, c. 500,000 yr ago]

Conservation Status: AMBER because Important Non-breeding Population Eaton, M.A. et al. 2009. British Birds 102:296-341

Previous Assessments: 2002-2007 AMBER Gregory, R.D. et al. 2002. British Birds 95:410-448

1996-2001 AMBER Gibbons, D.W. et al. 1996. RSPB Conservation Review 10:7-18

Races of Concern: crecca AMBER (Important Population)

Habitat Occupancy (in the Breeding Season):

No habitat data from BBS

Migration routes: Map of foreign ringing recoveries and summary map from Time to Fly (in pop-up windows)

European Population Size:

Summer: 255 to 540 thousand pairs Bufield, I. & Van Bommel, F. (2004) Birds in Europe. Birdlife International, Cambridge.

Population Assesment from Birds in Europe

Distribution in Europe mapped by the EBCC Atlas

Listed on the Appendices/Schedules of: WCA(II,III), WBD(II*,III*), Bern(III), Bonn(II), AEWA

Survey Results:	Results from BirdTrack

Breeding and Survival
Egg Size: 45 x 33 mm	Egg Weight: 26.5 g (of which 7 % is shell)

Number of Nest Records: 2
Clutch Size: 8 - 11 eggs
Incubation: 21- 23 days		by the: Female
Fledging: 25 - 30days		as: Precocial, downy

First Clutches Laid: Unavailable
Number of Broods: 1

Number Ringed: Annual Totals
Adult Survival: 0.530 (M:0.550 ± 0.022; F:0.510 ± 0.057)
Juvenile Survival: No data

Age at First Breeding: 1 year	Typical Lifespan: 3 years
Maximum Recorded Age: 18 years 0 months 20 days (set in 1988)
Read a summary of Ringing Recoveries

Biometrics
Ring Size: E*
Wing Length	Adult:	186.1 ± 7.5 Range 153.0 - 209.0 mm, (N = 5504)
	Juvenile:	185.1 ± 6.1 Range 158.0 - 205.0 mm, (N = 14158)
	Male:	189.2 ± 7.2 Range 153.0 - 209.0 mm, (N = 3314)
	Female:	181.3 ± 4.5 Range 153.0 - 198.0 mm, (N = 2170)

Weight	Adult:	321.7 ± 60.64 Range 200.0 - 525.0 g , (N =5181)
	Juvenile:	294.6 ± 34.8 Range 136.0 - 473.0 . , (N =14010)
	Male:	334.1 ± 41.36 Range 200.0 - 525.0 g , (N =3121)
	Female:	302.2 ± 77.57 Range 200.0 - 475.0 g , (N =2048)
	Seasonal:	Summer 309.7 ± 36.96 (N = 107) Autumn 313.5 ± 37.98 (N = 5956) Winter 327.1 ± 39.75 (N = 9502)
	Source:	British Trust for Ornithology (2005) Ringing Scheme data

Other Names
Eurasian Teal
Has Included Anas carolinensis

Gaelic: Lach-bheag	Welsh: Corhwyaden
Danish: Krikand	Dutch: Wintertaling
Finnish: Tavi	French: Sarcelle d´hiver
German: Krickente	Hungarian: Csörgo réce
Icelandic: Urtönd	Irish: Praslacha
Italian: Alzavola	Norwegian: Krikkand
Polish: Cyraneczka zwyczajna	Portuguese: Marrequinho-comum
Spanish: Cerceta común	Swedish: Kricka


Collective Noun:Spring

For More Information...
Books and Monographs:
Kear, J 2005 Ducks, geese and swans Oxford University Press [598.48 KEA]
Cabot, D. 2009 Wildfowl Collins, London

See Also:
Find scientific papers on Google Scholar or Scirus by clicking the icon
Wikipedia entry
BirdLife species page
Recent sightings and information from BirdGuides
Details from the Patuxent Bird Identification Infocenter
Read State of the Nations Birds by Chris Mead

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