Population and Distribution
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Population Trend:
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No population trend available
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Distribution:
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 Atlas Maps
(Local Atlases)
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British Population Size:
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Winter:
11 thousand individuals
in 2004-09
Note: Best estimate
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First Record:
1694
[Fossil evidence from
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Conservation Status:
GREEN
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Previous Assessments:
2002-2007
AMBER
1996-2001
GREEN
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Races of Concern:
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Habitat Occupancy (in the Breeding Season):
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No habitat data from BBS
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European Population Size:
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Summer:
20 to 50 thousand pairs
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Population Assesment from Birds in Europe
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Distribution in Europe
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Listed on the Appendices/Schedules of:
WCA(I), WBD(II*), Bern(III), Bonn(II), AEWA
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Breeding and Survival
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Egg Size:
54 x 38 mm
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Egg Weight:
43.0 g (of which 7 % is shell)
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Number of Nest Records:
0
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Clutch Size:
6 - 9 eggs
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Incubation:
24- 29 days
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by the:
Female
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Fledging:
35 - 40days
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as:
Precocial, downy
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First Clutches Laid:
Unavailable
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Number of Broods:
1
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Number Ringed:
1
(Annual Totals)
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Adult Survival:
0.720
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Juvenile Survival:
No data
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Age at First Breeding:
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Typical Lifespan:
No data
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Maximum Recorded Age:
20 years 0 months 4 days (set in 1987)
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Summary of Ringing Recoveries
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Biometrics
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Ring Size:
F
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Wing Length
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Adult:
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Insufficient Data
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Juvenile:
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Insufficient Data
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Male:
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Insufficient Data
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Female:
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Insufficient Data
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Weight
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Adult:
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Insufficient Data
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Juvenile:
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Insufficient Data
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Male:
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Insufficient Data
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Female:
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Insufficient Data
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Other Names
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Oldsquaw
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Gaelic:
Lach-bhinn
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Welsh:
Hwyaden Gynffon-hir
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Danish:
Havlit
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Dutch:
Ijseend
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Finnish:
Alli
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French:
Harelde de Miquelon
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German:
Eisente
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Hungarian:
Jeges réce
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Icelandic:
Hávella
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Irish:
Lacha Earrfhada
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Italian:
Moretta codona
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Norwegian:
Havelle
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Polish:
Lodówka
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Portuguese:
Pato-de-cauda-afilada
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Spanish:
Havelda
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Swedish:
Alfĺgel
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Local Names:Ice Duck, Sea Pheasant
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For More Information...
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Books and Monographs:
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Kear, J 2005 Ducks, geese and swans Oxford University Press
[598.48 KEA]
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Cabot, D. 2009 Wildfowl Collins, London
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See Also:
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Find scientific papers on  Google Scholar
or  Scirus by clicking the icon
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Wikipedia entry
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BirdLife species page
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Recent sightings and information from BirdGuides
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All About Birds (Cornell Lab of Ornithology)
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Gough, G.A. et al. (1998) Patuxent Bird Identification Infocenter
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State of the Nations Birds by Chris Mead
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