|
|
British Population Size:
|
Summer:
78 to 250 thousand nests
in 1988-81
Note: Best estimate
|
|
First Record:
Recorded in Anglo-Saxon times
|
|
Conservation Status:
AMBER
because
Species of European Concern,
|
|
Previous Assessments:
2002-2007
AMBER
1996-2001
AMBER
|
|
Races of Concern:
riparia AMBER (European Concern)
|
|
|
|
Habitat Occupancy (in the Breeding Season):
|
|
|
|
Common in:
Pasture Farmland
|
|
|
|
Relative Frequency in Each Habitat:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Migration routes:
Map of foreign ringing recoveries
and summary map from Time to Fly (in pop-up windows)
|
|
|
|
Average Day of First Arrival:
25 Mar
|
|
|
|
European Population Size:
|
|
Summer:
2.4 to 4.5 million pairs
|
|
Population Assesment from Birds in Europe
|
|
Distribution in Europe mapped by the EBCC Atlas
|
|
|
|
Listed on the Appendices/Schedules of:
Bern(III)
|
|
|
Breeding and Survival
|
|
Egg Size:
18 x 13 mm
|
Egg Weight:
1.4 g (of which 5 % is shell)
|
|
|
|
Number of Nest Records:
137
(more would be welcome!)
|
|
Clutch Size:
4 - 5 eggs
|
4.42 ± 0.82 (2 - 7) N = 213
|
|
Incubation:
14- 15 days
|
14.39 ± 1.19 (12 - 16.5) N = 213
|
by the:
Male + Female
|
Fledging:
19 - 21days
|
19.87 ± 1.68 (16 - 22.5) N = 491
|
as:
Altricial, downy
|
|
Source:
|
British Trust for Ornithology (2005) Nest Record Scheme data
|
|
|
|
|
First Clutches Laid:
Unavailable
|
|
Number of Broods:
1-2
|
|
See trends in Breeding Productivity
|
|
Number Ringed:
Annual Totals
|
|
Adult Survival:
0.300
(M:0.312
± 0.026;
F:0.289
± 0.026)
|
Juvenile Survival:
0.215 (in First-Year)
|
|
|
|
Age at First Breeding:
1
year
|
Typical Lifespan:
2
years
|
|
Maximum Recorded Age:
7 years 9 months 1 days (set in 1998)
|
|
Read a summary of Ringing Recoveries
|
|
|
Biometrics
|
|
Ring Size:
A
|
|
Wing Length
|
Adult:
|
106.4 ± 2.8
Range
91.0 - 121.0 mm, (N = 15647)
|
|
|
Juvenile:
|
102.4 ± 3.7
Range
86.0 - 121.0 mm, (N = 36785)
|
|
|
Male:
|
106.4 ± 2.7
Range
91.0 - 119.0 mm, (N = 5607)
|
|
|
Female:
|
106.4 ± 2.9
Range
92.0 - 121.0 mm, (N = 7243)
|
|
|
|
Weight
|
Adult:
|
13.26 ± 1.57
Range
9.10 - 17.60 g , (N =11075)
|
|
|
Juvenile:
|
12.9 ± 1.1
Range
9.0 - 17.6 . , (N =31613)
|
|
|
Male:
|
12.89 ± 0.92
Range
9.10 - 17.50 g , (N =3723)
|
|
|
Female:
|
13.53 ± 1.20
Range
9.90 - 17.60 g , (N =4998)
|
|
|
Seasonal:
|
Summer 13.21 ± 1.10 (N = 30558)
Autumn 13.43 ± 1.16 (N = 3965)
|
|
|
Source:
|
British Trust for Ornithology (2005) Ringing Scheme data
|
|
|
Other Names
|
|
Bank Swallow, Collared Sand Martin
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gaelic:
Gobhlan-gainmhich
|
Welsh:
Gwennol y Glennydd
|
|
Danish:
Digesvale
|
Dutch:
Oeverzwaluw
|
|
Finnish:
Törmäpääsky
|
French:
Hirondelle de rivage
|
|
German:
Uferschwalbe
|
Hungarian:
Parti fecske
|
|
Icelandic:
Bakkasvala
|
Irish:
Gabhlán Gainimh
|
|
Italian:
Topino
|
Norwegian:
Sandsvale
|
|
Polish:
Brzegówka zwyczajna
|
Portuguese:
Andorinha-das-barreiras
|
|
Spanish:
Avión zapador
|
Swedish:
Backsvala
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Google Scholar
or 
Scirus by clicking the icon